Lisa moore ed rust free#

Once only the Sr2 gene was known to confer slow rusting APR now, four more genes- Sr55, Sr56, Sr57, and Sr58-have been characterized and additional quantitative trait loci identified. Research and development of improved wheat germplasm with complex adult plant resistance (APR) based on multiple slow-rusting genes has also progressed. Enhanced research in the last decade under the umbrella of the Borlaug Global Rust Initiative has identified various race-specific resistance genes that can be utilized, preferably in combinations, to develop resistant varieties. This has led to localized but severe stem rust epidemics becoming common once again in East Africa due to the breakdown of race-specific resistance gene SrTmp, which was deployed recently in the вЂDigaluвЂ™ and вЂRobinвЂ™ varieties in Ethiopia and Kenya, respectively. Increased pathogen monitoring activities have led to the identification of other races in Africa and Asia with additional virulence to commercially important resistance genes. To date, eight races belonging to the Ug99 lineage are known. Since its initial detection, variants of the Ug99 lineage of stem rust have been discovered in Eastern and Southern African countries, Yemen, Iran, and Egypt. tritici, detected in Uganda in 1998, has been recognized as a serious threat to food security because it possesses combined virulence to a large number of resistance genes found in current widely grown wheat ( Triticum aestivum) varieties and germplasm, leading to its potential for rapid spread and evolution. Race Ug99 (TTKSK) of Puccinia graminis f. Postal 10, 56230, Chapingo, Edo de MГ©xico, MГ©xico and thirteenth author: Department of Agroecology, Aarhus University, ForsГёgsvej 1, DK-4200, Slagelse, Denmark.

Lisa moore ed rust free#

Paul 55108 fourth and fifth authors: Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) Plant Industry, Agriculture Flagship, GPO Box 1600, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia sixth author: CIMMYT, ICRAF House, United Nations Avenue, Gigiri, Village Market-00621, Nairobi, Kenya eighth author: University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa tenth author: Campo Experimental Valle de MГ©xico INIFAP, Apdo. second author: CIMMYT, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia third, seventh, and ninth authors: United States Department of AgricultureвЂ“Agricultural Research Service, Cereal Disease Laboratory, University of Minnesota, St. First, eleventh, and twelfth authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Apdo.